DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
Melatonin Supplements
Melatonin has long been known to aid in sleep due to its role as a chronobiotic; however, there are a plethora of other benefits that supplementation may help support, including conditions with a high degree of inflammation and oxidative stress, such as in hypertension or metabolic syndrome (1–3). Read more
Phytomelatonin
With the increased need for melatonin and safe, yet environmentally friendly formats, various manufacturers have investigated alternatives (1,2). Although more research is needed comparing synthetic and plant-based sources of melatonin, there is some initial indication that phytomelatonin may have advantages related to improved bioavailability and efficacy. Read more
Synthetic Melatonin
Synthetic melatonin, the most common, economical form used in dietary supplements, is produced through at least four chemical pathways using starter compounds like the following (1): Read more
Melatonin Dosing
A generally accepted guideline is to use the lowest effective dose of melatonin as the most appropriate course (1). Larger doses do not always confer greater health benefits. The upper limits of a lethal dose of melatonin have not been clinically established. Read more
Bioavailability
Theoretically, much like other nutrients, several factors could affect the bioavailability of a melatonin supplement, including overall reduced digestion and absorption capacity, the composition of the gut microbiome, genetic variability in enzymes that metabolize melatonin, and/or the excipient profile of the dietary supplement, to name a few. Read more